At first glance, moss and lichen may look similar. Both can be found covering rocks, trees, and forest floors, creating beautiful natural textures and landscapes. However, they belong to completely different biological groups.

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What Is Moss?

Moss is a simple, non-flowering plant that grows in dense green cushions or carpets.

Characteristics of moss:

• True plant
• Has tiny stems and leaves
• Absorbs water directly from the environment
• Thrives in moist, shaded areas
• Helps retain moisture and prevent erosion

Moss is commonly used in terrariums, moss walls, and miniature landscapes because of its soft texture and vibrant green appearance.

What Is Lichen?

Lichen is not a plant at all. It is a unique partnership between a fungus and an algae (or cyanobacteria) living together.

Characteristics of lichen:

• Not a plant
• Grows slowly
• Found on rocks, trees, and soil
• Tolerates harsh environments
• Comes in many colors, including gray, green, yellow, and orange

Because of this partnership, lichen can survive in places where many plants cannot.

Why Are They Important?

Both moss and lichen play valuable roles in nature.

Moss

• Retains moisture
• Supports biodiversity
• Helps stabilize soil
• Creates habitat for small organisms

Lichen

• Helps break down rock surfaces
• Provides food and habitat for wildlife
• Acts as an indicator of air quality
• Supports ecosystem development

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Moss in Terrariums and Moss Walls

At Terrart NYC, moss is one of our favorite natural materials because of its ability to add texture, retain moisture, and create lush forest-inspired landscapes.

While lichen is fascinating in nature, moss is generally the preferred choice for terrariums and moss art due to its appearance, versatility, and ecosystem benefits.

Both organisms are remarkable examples of how nature creates beauty in unexpected ways.

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