Closed terrariums are miniature ecosystems that recreate the natural water cycle inside glass containers. With the right materials and humidity balance, these ecosystems can thrive for years with minimal maintenance.

At Terrart NYC, our DIY Kits are designed to help beginners and plant lovers create beautiful tropical ecosystems from home.

Here’s our simple step-by-step guide to building your own closed terrarium ecosystem.

1. Add the Drainage Layer

Start by adding a layer of LECA, gravel, or lava rocks to the bottom of the glass container. This layer helps collect excess water and prevents root rot.

Next, add a thin layer of activated charcoal to help filter moisture and keep the ecosystem fresh over time.

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2. Add the Soil

Pour approximately 2 inches of tropical terrarium soil into the container and create a small center opening where the plants will be placed.

Healthy soil is essential for maintaining moisture while still allowing airflow for roots.

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3. Prepare the Plants

Carefully remove the plants from their nursery pots and gently clean excess soil from the roots.

Trim damaged leaves or long roots if necessary before planting.

Popular tropical terrarium plants include:

• Fittonias
• Mini ferns
• Mosses
• Peperomias
• Begonias
• Selaginella

These plants thrive in humid enclosed environments with indirect light.

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4. Plant Your Ecosystem

Place the plants into the center opening and cover the roots with soil.

Try combining different textures, heights, and leaf colors to create a natural miniature landscape.

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5. Decorate Your Terrarium

This is the creative part. Add decorative elements such as:

• Moss
• Lava rocks
• Sand
• Stones
• Driftwood
• Figurines

These natural materials help create depth and personalize your ecosystem.

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6. Water and Seal the Terrarium

Lightly water the terrarium before sealing it with the lid or cork.

Closed terrariums naturally recycle moisture through evaporation, condensation, and precipitation — creating a self-sustaining water cycle inside the glass container.

If heavy condensation appears, simply open the lid for a few hours to reduce humidity.

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Terrarium Care Tips

• Place in bright indirect light
• Avoid direct sunlight
• Water lightly only when no condensation is visible
• Ideal temperature: 50°F–80°F
• Trim plants occasionally if overgrown

With proper care, a closed ecosystem can remain healthy and beautiful for years while bringing a relaxing touch of nature indoors.